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Gluten Allergy Causes Bone Disease

Gluten-freeResearchers investigated the association between celiac disease (CD), a chronic immune mediated disorder, and bone mass density (BMD)(1). CD is characterized by inflammation of the small intestine, and has an increasing prevalence in the population and is often undiagnosed. If unrecognized or untreated it can lead to numerous health complications including malabsorption micronutrient deficiencies. Additionally, without strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, extra-intestinal manifestations, including osteopenia, anemia, neurologic symptoms, growth retardation and others may result(2). Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used, with CD being defined by positive tissue transglutaminase IgA antibody test. In children (8-17 yrs) CD was associated with decreased Z-scores by 0.85 for hip and 0.46 for spine. In men (≥ 18 yrs) CD was associated with 0.06 g/cm2 decrease in BMD in hip and with 0.11 g/cm2 decrease in BMD in spine. In women, there were no statistically significant differences in the multiple-adjusted model. In men aged ≥ 40 years, CD predicted FRAX scores, resulting in increased scores by 2.25% for hip fracture and by 2.43% for major osteoporotic fracture. CD did not predict FRAX scores in women aged ≥ 40 years. Researchers concluded that CD is independently associated with reduced BMD in children and adults aged ≥ 18 years and is an independent risk factor of osteoporotic fractures in men aged ≥ 40 years.

1. Kamycheva E, et al. Celiac disease is associated with reduced bone mineral density and increased FRAX scores in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Osteopor Int. 2016 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]
2. Pantaleoni S, et al. Bone Mineral Density at Diagnosis of Celiac Disease and after 1 Year of Gluten-Free Diet. Scientific World Journal. Published online 2014 Oct 14. doi: 10.1155/2014/173082  

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