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Pesticides & Kidney Function

iStock-1253886250This month an analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, which included over 40,000 participants was published, indicating an association between exposure to the insecticide malathion and impaired kidney function. Malathion is the most widely used organophosphate insecticide in the US, used in thousands of products, as well as for agricultural purposes and mosquito control. It is worth noting that 15% of the US adult population has chronic renal disease, and as many as 90% do not know it. In this study, malathion exposure (determined by urinary metabolite) was associated with a 26% higher risk for low kidney function, and the association was found even after excluding participants with either diabetes or hypertension. It’s also worth noting that cadmium levels had a similar risk for impaired kidney function; because this association is well-established, it was used as a positive control.

Although a cross-sectional study and limited by the nature of the testing (urine pesticide and kidney function testing was done only once), this is not the first study to suggest a link between pesticides and kidney damage. Commercial pesticide applicators have a higher risk for end-stage renal disease as well as a reduced eGFR, and acute malathion exposure has been linked to acute kidney damage in previously published case studies. While the NHANES study did not provide a mechanism, malathion toxicity appears to be mediated, at least in part, through oxidative stress, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and suggests mitigation through glutathione support (e.g., N-acetylcysteine, lipoid acid, vitamin C, etc.) to be a reasonable strategy.

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